Chiari I may cause a fluid-filled cyst (syrinx) in the spinal cord.ДЇigure 1. As the tonsils push out of the skull, they block CSF flow. Because the back of the skull is too small or deformed, a crowding of the brainstem, cerebellum, and tonsils occurs (Fig. Types of ChiariД¬hiari type I, the most common, affects both children and adults. An accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment are important to prevent permanent injury to the nervous system.

If symptoms are severe or worsening, surgery may be performed to remove a part of the skull bone and create space for the cerebellum and brainstem.

If symptoms are mild, regular monitoring and medications can be effective. Treatment options depend on the type of Chiari and the severity of symptoms. The blockage can cause a buildup of fluid in the spinal cord (syringomyelia) or in the brain (hydrocephalus).Д¬hiari is often misdiagnosed because the wide variety of bony and soft tissue problems can cause a wide array of possible symptoms (headache, neck pain, dizziness, arm numbness or weakness, sleep problems, etc.) Headache in the back of the head that worsens with coughing, sneezing, or straining is a hallmark sign. Instead of moving in an easy, pulsating movement through this opening, the fluid begins to force its way through вЂ“ like a water hammer вЂ“ pushing the tonsils down even farther. The herniated tissue blocks the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Chiari I malformation and syringomyelia OverviewД¬hiari (pronounced key-AR-ee) malformation is a condition in which the lower part of the brain, called the cerebellar tonsil, herniates down through the skull and into the spinal canal.

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